Contents: What to do and what not to do ↧ Asbestos ↧ Fire ↧ Poisoning by vapors or gases,… ↧ Battery ↧ Electric shock ↧ Residual voltage in the ignition… ↧
Failure to follow simple safety precautions could result in injury. There is always a risk of injury when performing the procedures described, so the list of activities below cannot cover absolutely all types of danger. The measures described are intended, rather, to increase the reader's awareness of the existing risk of injury and to increase the vigilance that mechanics already require when performing work.
What to do and what not to do
Do not allow anyone to be under a vehicle with its weight supported solely by the jack. Always install specially designed supports to ensure the necessary stability of the raised vehicle.
Do not pre-release the high tightening torque of the wheel nuts if the vehicle is already raised with a jack - this may cause the vehicle to fall.
Do not start the engine without making sure that the gearshift lever is in neutral (or Park position with automatic transmission), and also that the parking brake is on.
Do not remove the radiator cap if the coolant is at a high temperature. Wait until the fluid has cooled or relieve pressure in the system by covering the radiator cap with a piece of cloth and slowly unscrewing it, which will allow the steam to escape under pressure.
Do not attempt to drain engine oil unless you are certain that it will not cause scalding.
Do not touch engine or exhaust system components until they have cooled down. This will help to avoid getting burned.
Do not transfer toxic liquids such as gasoline, antifreeze, and brake fluid by sucking them through a hose, or allow them to come into contact with your skin.
Do not inhale dust generated by wear of brake pad linings - it is hazardous to health (see paragraph "Asbestos" below).
Do not allow spilled motor oil or other lubricants to remain on the floor. Wipe them off before anyone slips.
Do not use wrenches with a loose grip or other tools that may slip, as this may result in injury.
Do not attempt to lift a heavy element on your own - seek outside help.
Don't rush through your work - take breaks.
Do not allow children or pets to play in or near a vehicle that is being serviced or repaired.
Eye protection should be worn when using power tools and when working under a vehicle.
Loose clothing and long hair should be kept at a sufficient distance from moving mechanical elements.
Before using lifting and supporting equipment, ensure that it has sufficient load capacity.
When working alone, ask someone to periodically check on the situation.
Actions should be performed in a specific sequence, ensuring correct assembly and secure tightening of threaded connections.
Store operating fluids and other chemicals in tightly sealed containers, out of the reach of children and pets.
It should be remembered that a car is a vehicle of increased danger. Therefore, if you lack your own experience, you should seek advice from professionals to resolve any security-related issues.
Asbestos
Asbestos dust is a carcinogen and can cause cancer if inhaled or swallowed. Asbestos is found in some gaskets, as well as brake and friction linings. Without knowing whether a particular element contains asbestos, it is safer to assume that it contains asbestos.
Fire
All types of fuel are flammable and their vapors are explosive.
Avoid spilling fuel on hot engine surfaces.
Do not smoke or use open flames near the vehicle if any repair work is being carried out on it. Take precautions against sparks that may be generated by electrical appliances or metalworking tools.
Fuel vapors are heavier than air, so do not work on the fuel system while in an inspection pit. Another cause of fire is overload or short circuit in electrical wiring circuits. Use caution when repairing or replacing electrical equipment. Have a fire extinguisher on hand that is suitable for extinguishing fuel and electrical fires.
Poisoning by vapors or gases, exposure to toxic and irritating substances
The gases processed are toxic; they usually contain carbon monoxide, which is fatal if inhaled. Do not run the engine for extended periods in an enclosed area, such as a garage with the door closed.
Fumes from fuels and various solvents used for cleaning and thinning paints are also toxic. Avoid skin contact with electrolyte and any fuel, liquid or lubricant, especially antifreeze, brake fluid and diesel fuel. Do not overfill them by sucking them out with a hose. If any liquid is accidentally swallowed or gets into your eyes, seek medical attention immediately.
Long-term contact with used motor oil can cause skin cancer. If necessary, use rubber gloves or protective hand cream. Do not wear oil-soaked clothing or keep oil-soaked rags in your pocket.
Air conditioner refrigerant can form toxic gas when exposed to open flame (including a cigarette). It can also cause frostbite on contact.
Battery
The battery contains sulfuric acid, which corrodes clothing, as well as eyes and skin. Be careful when filling and transporting the battery.
Hydrogen, which can be released from the battery, is a highly explosive substance. Do not use open flames or create sparks near the battery. Be careful when connecting and disconnecting the charger and power cables.
Electric shock
When using a power tool connected to a stationary electrical network, as well as a portable lighting source, etc., during work, make sure that the wiring connectors are secure and that the circuit is grounded (if this is required by safety requirements). Do not use power tools in wet conditions or near fuel containers.
Residual voltage in the ignition system
When touching some elements of the ignition system (high voltage wires) a strong electric shock may occur if the engine is running or starting, especially in high humidity or if the insulation is damaged. The residual voltage of a contactless ignition system has higher values than in a conventional breaker-distributor system. Electric shock in this case can lead to death.
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