Starter: 1 — drive; 2 - front cover; 3 pull-in relay; 4 - Electric motor; 5 - back cover
Starter specifications
| Starter Part Number GM | 55576980 |
| Nominal voltage, V | 12 |
| Nominal power, kW | 1,1 |
The starter is secured with two bolts to the flange of the rear wall of the cylinder block on the left side under the intake manifold.
The starter is a four-brush, four-pole DC electric motor with excitation from permanent magnets, equipped with a drive with a planetary gearbox and a traction (retractable) relay. The power terminal is connected by a wire to the positive terminal of the battery. The control terminal of the retractor relay is connected to the terminal of the starter relay Er2 in the fuse box and the relay in the engine compartment, which is triggered by a command from the engine control unit (ECU).
If signs of starter malfunction appear (difficult starting, starting not on the first try, extraneous noises or grinding when the starter is running) take steps to eliminate them. If the starter fails, starting the engine by towing the vehicle is not recommended, and if the vehicle has an automatic transmission, it is impossible.
The starter is supplied as an assembly for spare parts. For a complete repair, please contact a specialized service station
Warning! The starter is the most powerful consumer of electrical energy in a car. Therefore, all electrical connections between the battery and the starter must have reliable contact.
Troubleshooting
If the starter does not show any signs of life when you turn the ignition key to position 3, it is not always the fault of the starter itself. This section provides an algorithm for diagnosing such a malfunction.
To perform the work you will need a multimeter, a piece of wire with a cross-section of 3 mm² and a length of 10 cm. Perform the work with an assistant.
1. On a vehicle with an automatic transmission, make sure that the automatic transmission mode selector is in position P or N.
2. Check the connection of the wires to the starter terminals (see below). If necessary, clean the contacts and treat them with a special conductive grease.
3. Check the connections of the wire terminals to the battery terminals. If necessary, clean the contacts from oxides.
4. Check if the battery is charged. If necessary, we charge it.
5. Check the connection circuit of the starter power terminal with the positive terminal of the battery. This procedure is shown in the Electrical Equipment section.
6. Check fuse Ef 12 (30 A) and starter relay Er2 located in the fuse box in the engine compartment. We replace the faulty relay and fuse. If the fuse has blown again, check the electrical circuits.
7. On a vehicle with a manual transmission, check the clutch pedal position sensors.
8. Disconnect the wire connector from the control terminal of the starter traction relay (see below), and check the voltage supply from the battery to the connector contact when the ignition key is turned to position 3. The voltmeter should show the battery voltage. If there is no voltage, check the ignition switch (lock) and the electrical circuit from the starter terminal to the battery. We check the electrical circuits of the connection of the terminals of the starter relay Er2, terminal 85 with the "ground" and terminal 86 with terminal 47 (connector X1) ECU.
9. If the electrical circuits are in good condition, the starter must be removed for further testing.
Warning: When performing the test, do not allow the positive battery terminal wire tip to short-circuit to the starter housing.
10. Using one wire, connect the negative terminal of the battery to the starter housing. The second wire, connected to the positive terminal of the battery, is connected to the contact bolt 3 of the retractor relay, to which the starter motor is connected.
If the starter rotor starts to rotate, then the electric motor is working properly. Otherwise, the brush assembly is faulty, or the stator or rotor windings are damaged.
11. Connect the wire connected to the positive terminal of the battery to terminal 1 of the starter relay. Using a piece of wire, we connect control terminal 2 and contact bolt 1 of the pull-in relay. If you hear a loud click and the starter armature starts to rotate, the solenoid relay is working properly. If the relay does not work or works but the starter motor does not start to rotate, the starter solenoid relay must be replaced (see below).
12. When the retractor relay is triggered, the drive gear should move along the starter rotor shaft. If this does not happen, the drive lever is faulty.
13. To check the overrunning clutch of the drive, alternately rotate its gear in different directions. In this case, the gear should rotate in one direction together with the shaft, and in the other direction separately from it (the shaft remains stationary). Otherwise, the drive must be replaced.
Removal and installation the starter
1. We prepare the vehicle for work and install it on an inspection ditch or overpass.
2. Disconnect the wire terminal from the negative terminal of the battery.
3. Remove the engine crankcase protection.
4. Using a 10 mm wrench, unscrew nut 1 securing the wire to the control terminal of the pull-in relay and using a 13 mm wrench, unscrew nut 2 securing the wire and disconnect the wire ends.
5. Using a 13 mm wrench, unscrew nut 1 of the fastening and disconnect the tips of the "ground" wires. Using a wrench of the same size, unscrew the two bolts of the starter fastening (the second bolt is not visible in the photo) and remove the starter.
6. Install the starter in reverse order. Tighten the starter mounting bolts to a torque of 25 Nm, tighten the nuts for fastening the ground and power cables to a torque of 12.5 Nm.
Pull-in relay
The retractor relay is installed on the electric motor housing and is designed for remote switching of the large current consumed by the starter when starting the engine, and mechanical connection of the starter drive with the toothed ring of the engine flywheel. The relay is a coil consisting of two windings (retracting and retaining), with a spring-loaded core (anchor) located in it. The relay housing is attached with two bolts to the front cover of the starter. Two contact bolts and a control terminal, to which the pull-in winding is connected, are installed in the relay housing. The holding winding of the relay and the winding of the electric motor are connected to the second bolt. A rod is fixed to the outer end of the anchor, and the inner end of the rod rests on plates for closing the contact bolts. When voltage is applied to the control terminal of the relay, the armature moves under the action of electromagnetic force, closing the contact bolts. When the power is disconnected, the anchor returns to its original position under the action of the spring.
1. Remove the starter.
2. Using a 13 mm socket wrench, unscrew the fastening nut and remove the wire tip from the contact bolt of the pull-in relay.
3. Using a TORX E5 key, unscrew the three bolts securing the starter relay.
4. Remove the pull-in relay by disengaging its anchor from the drive lever.
5. Install the parts in reverse order. When installing, make sure that the tip of the pull-in relay engages with the drive lever.
[For details, visit the website «CHEVYMAN.RU»]