Suspension diagnostics General diagnostics Steering, suspension, tire and wheel problems may manifest themselves when several systems are operating. Pay attention to all systems when...
Wheel angle adjustment Wheel alignment angles suspension Collapse Angle of longitudinal inclination of the axis of rotation Convergence steering Steering wheel angle Support Corner...
Front shock absorber fault diagnostics Insufficient resistance of suspension struts Checks Operation, action Check the air pressure in your tires. Adjust the air pressure in the tires to the value...
Front Suspension Component Locations Front suspension 1. Stabilizer bar 2. Stabilizer link 3. Frame 4. Lever 5. Rack support 6. Upper spring isolator 7. Upper spring support cup 8. Buffer with...
Telescopic front suspension strut Removal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose. 2. Remove the cover and nuts from the top of the strut. 3....
Front suspension stabilizer bar Removal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose. 2. Loosen the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the stabilizer...
Front suspension arm Removal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided. Leave the levers hanging freely. 2. Remove the wheel. See Part 2E. Tires and...
Steering knuckle, front wheel hub Removal procedure 1. Remove the wheel. 2. Remove the hub nut. 3. Remove the outer tie rod. See Section 6C. Power Steering. 4. Disconnect the ball joint of the...
Frame, front suspension stabilizer bar Removal procedure 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this purpose and remove the wheels. 2. Remove the mudguard located under the...
Ball joint of the front suspension arm Disassembly procedure 1. Remove the lower control arm. See section in this section "Front suspension arm" . 2. Place the control arm in a vice or suitable...
Front suspension telescopic strut assembly Necessary equipment J-42991 Strut Rod Nut Socket or Equivalent J-45400 Strut Spring Compressor or equivalent Disassembly procedure 1. Install the strut...
Diagnostics of rear suspension faults Checking for excessive friction Check for excessive friction in the rear suspension as follows: 1. With the help of another mechanic, lift the car by the rear...
Rear suspension component locations Rear suspension 1. Support 2. Stabilizer bar 3. Stabilizer link 4. Compression spring buffer 5. Upper spring support cup 6. Coil spring 7. Lower spring support...
Wheel Bearing/Hub — Rear Removal procedure 1. Remove the rear brake caliper assembly and disc. See Part 4E. Rear brakes. 2. On all-wheel drive vehicles, remove the drive shaft spindle...
Rear suspension support Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the tires and wheels. See Part 2E. Tires and wheels. 3. Remove the muffler and resonator...
Rear suspension knuckle Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the tire and wheel. See Part 2E. Tires and wheels. 3. Remove the wheel bearing/hub assembly. 4....
Upper arm rear suspension Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the bolts securing the trailing arm bracket to the body. 3. If equipped, remove the anti-lock...
Lower arm rear suspension Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the tire and wheel. 3. Remove the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the lower suspension arm. 4....
Rear stabilizer bar Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the stabilizer rod. 3. Remove the stabilizer bar clamp...
Rear stabilizer bar insulator Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the stabilizer bar clamp bolts. 3. Remove the insulators from the stabilizer bar. Installation...
Rear stabilizer bar connecting link Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Loosen the stabilizer bar clamp bolts. 3. Remove the nut securing the stabilizer bar to the stabilizer...
Rear suspension shock absorber Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the lower shock absorber mounting bolt. 3. Remove the upper shock absorber mounting bolt. 4....
Rear Coil Spring/Isolators Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the tire and wheel. Important: Hold the strut with a wrench while removing the nut. 3. Remove the...
Rear suspension trailing arm Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the bolts securing the trailing arm bracket to the body. 3. Remove the nut and bolt securing the...
Trailing arm bracket Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the parking brake cable clamp from the trailing arm. 3. Remove the bolts securing the bracket to...
Compression spring buffer Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the coil spring. See section in this section "Rear Coil Spring/Insulators" . 3. Remove the...
Rear suspension toe arm Removal procedure 1. Raise and support the vehicle. 2. Remove the nut and bolt securing the toe-in lever to the steering knuckle. 3. Remove the nut and bolt...
General description and operation of tires and wheels Wheel and tire balancing There are two types of tire balancing: static and dynamic. Static balance is the uniform distribution of mass around the circumference...
Tire size and air pressure Air pressure in tires at full load Tires Wheel Front Rear kPa psi kPa psi 215/70R 16 6.5J x 16 (steel / alloy) Normal 235/60R17 Normal 7Jx17 (alloy) 207 (228*)...
Diagnosis of wheel faults Wheel beating Measure the wheel runout with an accurate dial indicator. The measurement can be taken either with the wheel on the vehicle or with the wheel off...
Removal and installation a wheel Removal procedure 1. Remove the wheel cap (only for steel wheel). 2. Loosen the wheel nuts. 3. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided for this...
Wheel balancing without dismantling from the car Balancing your vehicle will help reduce vibrations caused by imbalance between the brake disc and wheel cap. Note: Do not allow the front suspension to hang....
Wheel and tire repair Porosity of cast wheels Repairs to discs that involve welding, heating or forging are not permitted. 1. Raise the vehicle and place it on the supports provided...